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Gallant Team
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OPTIONAL COURSES

Course Curriculum

1 Structure and multiplication of viruses | Part 1 | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026
1 Hour 17 Min

2 Structure and multiplication of viruses | Part 2 | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026
44 Min

3 Structure and multiplication of viruses | Part 3 | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026
1 Hour 9 Min

4 Structure and multiplication of viruses | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

5 Viroids| Part 1 | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026
55 Min

6 Viroids | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

7 Prions | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026
42 Min

8 Prions | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

9 Bacteria Structure and Multiplication | Part 1 | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026
1 Hour 16 Min

10 Bacteria Structure and Multiplication | Part 2 | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026
1 Hour 17 Min

11 Bacteria Structure and Multiplication | Part 3 | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026
36 Min

12 Bacteria Structure and Multiplication | Part 4 | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026
1 Hour 15 Min

13 Structure and Multiplication of Bacteria | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

14 Mycoplasma Structure and Multiplication | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026
22 Min

15 Mycoplasma | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

16 Applications of Microbiology in Agriculture | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

17 Applications of Microbiology in Industry | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

18 Applications of Microbiology in Medicine | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

19 Control of soil & water pollution | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

20 Plant Diseases | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026
27 Min

21 Defence Mechanism in Plants | Part 1 | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026
55 Min

22 Defence Mechanism in Plants | Part 2 | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026
1 Hour 15 Min

23 Defence mechanism in plants | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

24 Dissemination of Plant Pathogen | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026
1 Hour 3 Min

25 Dissemination of plant pathogens | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

26 Infection and Infection Process | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026
1 Hour 34 Min

27 Toxins | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026
35 Min

28 Fungal Toxins | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

29 Role of Toxins in Plant Pathogenesis | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

30 Jasmonates, Phytoalexins, Modelling & Disease Forecasting | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026
1 Hour 36 Min

31 Jasmonate & Phytoalexin| Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

32 Systemic Acquired Resistance | Unit 1 | Paper I I Botany Optional
57 Min

33 Mode of infection & dissemination | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

34 Modelling & Disease Forecasting | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

35 Molecular basis of infection and disease resistance | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

36 Phenomenon of Infection & Infection process | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

37 Phytoimmunology | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

38 Plant endophyte relationship | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

39 Plant Quarantine | Paper I | Unit 1 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

1 Methods of Plant Breeding | Part 1 | Paper II | Unit 3 | Botany Optional 2026
39 Min

2 Methods of Plant Breeding | Part 2 | Paper II | Unit 3 | Botany Optional 2026
34 Min

3 Apomixis | Paper II | Unit 3 | Botany Optional 2026
53 Min

4 Heterosis | Paper II | Unit 3 | Botany Optional 2026
53 Min

5 Polyploidy | Paper II | Unit 3 | Botany Optional 2026
34 Min

6 Polyploidy | Part 2 | Paper II | Unit 3 | Botany Optional 2026
24 Min

7 Male Sterility | Paper II | Unit 3 | Botany Optional 2026
53 Min

8 Methods of Gene Transfer in Plants | Part 1 | Paper II | Unit 3 | Botany Optional 2026
25 Min

9 Methods of Gene Transfer in Plants | Part 2 | Paper II | Unit 3 | Botany Optional 2025
32 Min

10 Methods of Gene Transfer in Plants | Part 3 | Paper II | Unit 3 | Botany Optional 2025
43 Min

11 Methods of Gene Transfer in Plants | Part 4 | Paper II | Unit 3 | Botany Optional 2025
46 Min

1 Genetics | Paper II | Unit 2 | Botany Optional
1 Hour 13 Min

2 Linkage and Crossing over | Part 1 | Paper II | Unit 2 | Botany Optional
55 Min

3 Linkage and Crossing over | Part 2 | Paper II | Unit 2 | Botany Optional
42 Min

4 Linkage and Crossing over | Part 3 | Paper II | Unit 2 | Botany Optional
51 Min

5 Cytoplasmic Inheritance | Paper II | Unit 2 | Botany Optional
17 Min

6 Sex Mechanism in Plants | Paper II | Unit 2 | Botany Optional
32 Min

7 Structure & Replication of DNA | Part 1 | Paper II | Unit 2 | Botany Optional
29 Min

8 Structure & Replication of DNA | Part 2 | Paper II | Unit 2 | Botany Optional
48 Min

9 Structure & Replication of DNA | Part 3 | Paper II | Unit 2 | Botany Optional
40 Min

10 Structure & Replication of DNA | Part 4 | Paper II | Unit 2 | Botany Optional
45 Min

11 Transcription in Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes | Part 1 | Paper II | Unit 2 | Botany Optional
47 Min

12 Transcription in Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes | Part 2 | Paper II | Unit 2 | Botany Optional
49 Min

13 Transcription in Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes | Part 3 | Paper II | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026
46 Min

14 Translation | Part 1 | Paper II | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026
40 Min

15 Translation | Part 2 | Paper II | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026
38 Min

16 Translation | Part 3 | Paper II | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026
49 Min

17 Translation | Part 4 | Paper II | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026
36 Min

18 Mechanism of Gene Regulation | Paper II | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026
41 Min

19 Trp Operon | Paper II | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026
42 Min

1 Plant cell wall, Structure & Function | Paper II | Unit 1 | Botany Optional | 2026
55 Min

2 Membrane Transport | Paper II | Unit 1 | Botany Optional | 2026
1 Hour 14 Min

3 Vesicular Transport | Paper II | Unit 1 | Botany Optional | 2026
1 Hour 4 Min

4 Cell Adhesion | Paper II | Unit 1 | Botany Optional | 2026
40 Min

5 Cell Organelles | Part 1 | Paper II | Unit 1 | Botany Optional | 2026
41 Min

6 Cell Organelles | Part 2 | Paper II | Unit 1 | Botany Optional | 2026
1 Hour 13 Min

7 Protein Sorting & Targeting | Part 1 | Paper II | Unit 1 | Botany Optional | 2025
49 Min

8 Protein Sorting & Targeting | Part 2 | Paper II | Unit 1 | Botany Optional | 2025
1 Hour 9 Min

9 Cell Signaling | Paper II | Unit 1 | Botany Optional | 2026
1 Hour 3 Min

10 Signal Transduction | Paper II | Unit 1 | Botany Optional | 2026
1 Hour 4 Min

11 Cell cycle | Paper II | Unit 1 | Botany Optional | 2026
41 Min

12 Mitosis | Paper II | Unit 1 | Botany Optional | 2025
45 Min

13 Meiosis | Part 1 | Paper II | Unit 1 | Botany Optional | 2026
1 Hour 1 Min

14 Meiosis | Part 2 | Paper II | Unit 1 | Botany Optional | 2026
25 Min

15 Nucleosome and Chromatin | Part 1 | Paper II | Unit 1 | Botany Optional | 2026
37 Min

16 Nucleosome and Chromatin | Part 2 | Paper II | Unit 1 | Botany Optional | 2026
27 Min

17 Numerical & structural variations in chromosomes | Paper II | Unit 1 | Botany Optional | 2026
1 Hour 16 Min

18 Special types of chromosomes | Paper II | Unit 1 | Botany Optional | 2026
36 Min

19 Molecular basis of cell cycle | Part - 1 | Paper II | Unit 1 | Botany Optional | 2026
31 Min

1 Micropropagation | Unit 5 | Paper I | Botany Optional 2026
37 Min

2 Protoplast Isolation, Culture and Fusion | Part 1 | Paper I | Unit 5 | Botany Optional 2026
40 Min

3 Protoplast Isolation, Culture and Fusion | Part 2 | Paper I | Unit 5 | Botany Optional 2026
40 Min

4 Somaclonal Variation | Unit 5 | Paper I | Botany Optional 2026
33 Min

5 Pollen Haploids and Embryo Culture | Part 1 | Paper I | Unit 5 | Botany Optional
44 Min

6 Pollen Haploids and Embryo Culture | Part 2 | Paper I | Unit 5 | Botany Optional
26 Min

1 Plant Sources | Paper I | Unit 4 | Botany Optional
33 Min

2 Vavilov Centre of Origin | Paper I | Unit 4 | Botany Optional
23 Min

1 Distribution of Gymnosperms | Paper I | Unit 3 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

2 Economic Importance of Gymnosperms | Paper I | Unit 3 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

3 General Account on Cycadofilicales, Bennettiales & Cordaitales | Paper I | Unit 3 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

4 Morphological Nature of Ovuliferous Scale | Paper I | Unit 3 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

5 Relationships of Gnetum with Gymnosperms & Angiosperms | Paper I | Unit 3 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

1 Cycas | Part 1 | Unit 3 | Paper I | Botany Optional 2026
52 Min

2 Cycas | Part 2 | Unit 3 | Paper I | Botany Optional 2026
57 Min

3 Cycas | Part 3 | Unit 3 | Paper I | Botany Optional 2026
40 Min

4 Pinus | Part 1 | Paper I | Unit 3 | Botany Optional 2026
41 Min

5 Pinus | Part 2 | Paper I | Unit 3 | Botany Optional 2026
1 Hour 22 Min

6 Gnetum | Part 1 | Paper I | Unit 3 | Botany Optional
40 Min

7 Gnetum | Part 2 | Paper I | Unit 3 | Botany Optional
1 Hour 21 Min

8 Comparative Account on various System of Classification of Angiosperms | Unit 3 | Paper I | Botany Optional 2026
48 Min

9 Development of Male and Female Gametophytes | Part 1 | Unit 3 | Paper I | Botany Optional 2026
42 Min

10 Development of Male and Female Gametophytes | Part 2 | Unit 3 | Paper I | Botany Optional 2026
58 Min

11 Angiospermic Families | Unit 3 | Paper I | Botany Optional 2026
33 Min

12 Endosperm and its Development | Unit 3 | Paper I | Botany Optional 2026
31 Min

13 Embryo and its Development | Part 1 | Paper I | Unit 3 | Botany Optional
38 Min

14 Embryo and its Development | Part 2 | Paper I | Unit 3 | Botany Optional
28 Min

15 Ovule and Stomata | Unit 3 | Paper I | Botany Optional 2026
58 Min

16 Types of Embyo Sac | Unit 3 | Paper I | Botany Optional 2026
44 Min

17 Polyembryony | Paper I | Unit 3 | Botany Optional
39 Min

1 Algae – Bioindicators | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

2 Algal Phylogeny | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

3 Chara | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

4 Chlorophyceae – Chlamydomonas | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

5 Coleochaete | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

6 Cyanobacteria | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

7 Ectocarpus & Fucus | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

8 Oedogonium | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

9 Phylum Ascomycota – Claviceps | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

10 Phylum Ascomycota – Peziza | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

11 Rhodophyceae – Polysiphonia | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

12 Volvox | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

13 Xanthophyceae – Vaucheria | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

14 Parasexuality & Heterothallism | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

15 Puccinia | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

16 Ustilago | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

17 Anthoceros | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

18 Dehiscence & Spore Dispersal – Bryophytes | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

19 Distribution of Bryophytes | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

20 Equisetum | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

21 Lycopodium | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

22 Marchantia | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

23 Marsilea | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

24 Progressive Sterilization of Sporogenous Tissue | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

25 Psilotum | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

26 Pteridophytes General Characters & Economic Importance | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

27 Riccia | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

28 Selaginella | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

29 Sphagnum | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

30 Sporophyte of Funaria & Polytrichum | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

31 Stelar System | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

32 Telome Theory | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

1 Fungi Introduction | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026
48 Min

2 General Characteristics of Fungi | Part 1 | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026
54 Min

3 General Characteristics of Fungi | Part 2 | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026
56 Min

4 Oomycota | Part 1 | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026
1 Hour 7 Min

5 Phylum Oomycota - Phytophthora | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional.pdf

6 Oomycota | Part 2 | Paper I I Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026
1 Hour 4 Min

7 Oomycota - Pythium | Unit 2 | Paper I I Botany Optional.pdf

8 Oomycota | Part 3 | Paper I | Unit 2 I Botany Optional 2026
1 Hour

9 Oomycota - Albugo | Unit 2 | Paper I I Botany Optional.pdf

10 Phylum Chytridiomycota - Synchytrium | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026
54 Min

11 Phylum Chytridiomycota - Synchytrium | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

12 Phylum Zygomycota - Rhizopus | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026
1 Hour 3 Min

13 Phylum Zygomycota - Rhizopus & Mucor | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

14 Phylum Ascomycota General Characteristics | Part 1 | Unit 2 | Paper I I Botany Optional
50 Min

15 Phylum Ascomycota General Characteristics | Part 2 | Unit 2 | Paper I I Botany Optional 2026
1 Hour 5 Min

16 Phylum Ascomycota - Saccharomyces | Unit 2 | Paper I I Botany Optional 2026
49 Min

17 Phylum Ascomycota - Yeast | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

18 Phylum Ascomycota - Aspergillus | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026
55 Min

19 Phylum Ascomycota - Aspergillus | Paper I | Unit 2 | Botany Optional 2026.pdf

20 Phylum Ascomycota Penicillium | Unit 2 | Paper I I Botany Optional 2026
56 Min

21 Phylum Ascomycota Penicillium | Unit 2 | Paper I I Botany Optional.pdf

22 Phylum Ascomycota Claviceps | Unit 2 | Paper I I Botany Optional
48 Min

23 Phylum Ascomycota Peziza | Unit 2 | Paper I I Botany Optional 2026
41 Min

24 Phylum Basidiomycota - General Characteristics | Part 1 | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional 2026
47 Min

25 Phylum Basidiomycota - General Characteristics | Part 2 | Unit 2 | Paper I I Botany Optional 2026
42 Min

26 Phylum Basidiomycota - Agaricus | Part 1 | Unit 2 | Paper I I Botany Optional 2026
56 Min

27 Phylum Basidiomycota - Ustilago | Unit 2 | Paper I I Botany Optional 2026
57 Min

28 Phylum Basidiomycota - Puccinia | Part 1 | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional 2026
57 Min

29 Phylum Basidiomycota - Puccinia | Part 2 | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional 2026
1 Hour 5 Min

30 Mitosporic Fungi | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional
47 Min

31 Parasexuality | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional
1 Hour 7 Min

32 Algae General Orientation & Cyanobacteria | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional 2026
1 Hour

33 Volvox | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional 2026
1 Hour

34 Coleochaete | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional
51 Min

35 Oedogonium | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional
1 Hour 14 Min

36 Chara | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional
1 Hour 5 Min

37 Fucus | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional
1 Hour

38 Ectocarpus | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional 2026
1 Hour 13 Min

39 Vaucheria | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional 2026
57 Min

40 Polysiphonia | Part 1 | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional 2026
1 Hour 7 Min

41 Polysiphonia | Part 2 | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional 2026
58 Min

42 Introduction to Bryophytes | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional
33 Min

43 Riccia | Part 1 | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional
29 Min

44 Riccia | Part 2 | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional
56 Min

45 Marchantia | Part 1 | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional
1 Hour 14 Min

46 Marchantia | Part 2 | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional
28 Min

47 Anthoceros | Part 1 | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional
25 Min

48 Anthoceros | Part 2 | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional
1 Hour 28 Min

49 Sphagnum | Part 1 | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional
1 Hour 15 Min

50 Sphagnum | Part 2 | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional
1 Hour 14 Min

51 Sporophyte of Funaria & Polytrichum | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional
1 Hour 6 Min

52 Introduction to Pteridophytes and Rhynia | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional 2026
39 Min

53 Telome Theory | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional
40 Min

54 Stelar System in Pteridophytes | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional
54 Min

55 Marsilea | Part 1 | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional 2026
58 Min

56 Marsilea | Part 2 | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional 2026
48 Min

57 Lycopodium | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional 2026
53 Min

58 Psilotum | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional 2026
34 Min

59 Equistem | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional 2026
1 Hour

60 Selaginella | Part 1 | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional 2026
59 Min

61 Selaginella | Part 2 | Unit 2 | Paper I | Botany Optional 2026
50 Min

1 Photosynthesis | Part 1 | Paper II | Unit 4 | Botany Optional 2026
58 Min

2 Photosynthesis | Part 2 | Paper II | Unit 4 | Botany Optional 2026
30 Min

3 Photosynthesis | Part 3 | Paper II | Unit 4 | Botany Optional 2026
43 Min

4 Photosynthesis | Part 4 | Paper II | Unit 4 | Botany Optional 2026
32 Min

5 Respiration | Part 1 | Paper II | Unit 4 | Botany Optional 2026
38 Min

6 Respiration | Part 2 | Paper II | Unit 4 | Botany Optional 2026
35 Min

Instructor

Gallant Team

3.5 Rating
4 Reviews
1760 Students
62 Courses

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This course includes:

  • Duration

  • Skill Level Advance

  • Lectures 217 lessons

  • Enrolled 20 students

  • Certificate of Completion

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